1. Rocks: Verbs → Nouns

In science writing, actions (verbs) are often turned into things (nouns).

These nouns are called nominalisations.

Each rock type has its own typical processes.

Your task is to nominalize each verb.

1.1. Example

This table has a process only (a single verb).

Nominalisation Continuum

Verb (Action)	-ing Ending (Less Formal)	-ation / Technical Ending (More Formal)
Condense	Condensing	Condensation
Evaporate	Evaporating	Evaporation
Filter	Filtering	Filtration

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1.2. Igneous rocks

Igneous processes: nominalisation

Rewrite each verb as a noun.

Verb	Nominalisation
cool
crystallise
erupt
form
melt
solidify

Model Answer

Verb	Nominalisation
cool	cooling
crystallise	crystallisation
erupt	eruption
form	formation
melt	melting
solidify	solidification

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1.3. Sedimentary rocks

Sedimentary processes: nominalisation

Rewrite each verb as a noun.

Verb	Nominalisation
cement
compact
deposit
erode
form
precipitate
weather

Model Answer

Verb	Nominalisation
cement	cementation
compact	compaction
deposit	deposition
erode	erosion
form	formation
precipitate	precipitation
weather	weathering

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1.4. Metamorphic rocks

Metamorphic processes: nominalisation

Rewrite each verb as a noun.

Verb	Nominalisation
compress
deform
form
heat
metamorphose
recrystallise
transform

Model Answer

Verb	Nominalisation
compress	compression
deform	deformation
form	formation
heat	heating
metamorphose	metamorphism
recrystallise	recrystallisation
transform	transformation